Monday, 28 September 2015

Analysing the image

As another recommendation from my tutor, I will be analysing the the image of the sleeve.

This goes further than just looking at the imagery on the record sleeve, it is an analysis of colours, typography and the abstract nature of the design. This all together with the intermediality of the sleeve and seeing how this does or does not relate to the music held within the sleeves.

But most importantly of all, I need to look at the semiotics of these sleeves. Yes, it has been said, as it was inevitability to be said at some point. SEMIOTICS! FLIPPIN' SEMIOTICS! WE ARE TALKING ABOUT SEMIOTICS, IT'S ONE STEP AWAY FROM DISCOURSE.
THIS IS FRIGHTING, COMPLICATED, WELL CHARTED LAND I HAVE STEPPED UPON!

So, without the theatricals, I am indeed wanting to research the semiotics of record sleeves and how their modernity (or intermediality) has been enforced by the colours, images and text that they present.

Let's (if we can) talk about possibly the hero of Be-bop and the very much modernist designs that are held on the sleeves of Miles Davis; especially the ones that were published by Blue Note Records.


Firstly, we'll look at the aesthetics. We've got an image of Miles, which was very common on any record, but pushing that image to the bottom is a huge white space—this was very different.
Record sleeves designs would usually have all space used to display information or more likely have a larger photo.

The huge amount of white space is the very first thing you see, and it portrays a more of a modern feeling than a blank one that you'd imagine; the face that the type and image has been squeeze down to less than half the sleeve makes you instantly look at it and think 'Why?'.

Why; why not? That is the exact approach of the modernist designers of the time. Just because it hadn't been done before, doesn't mean it is wrong.

The imagery shows mostly Miles Davis but there are a few things of note you can see, that really give character to the sleeve. Firstly, you'll likely notice he is playing his heart out on the Trumpet – but he's also got himself a cigarette, half smoked, and balancing on his fingers. This cigarette displays more of this 'cool jazz' ideology, and reinforces a sense of rebellion and the disregard for complete professionalism.

Above that, you can see the typography. Which has a strong hierarchy, though a strange one.
Miles Davis is the main sale of this record, though he isn't the only performer, as is any Jazz Record.
Because Miles is the main sale, his name is the largest and in a contrasting colour. Above that we have the supporting artists, in a slightly smaller point size and more mundane colour.

The modernist, and different approach that this sleeve has is exactly what the 'cool jazz' cliché has sprung from, and using these methods of analysis and the exploration of discourses, I could easily include particular sleeves and design movements in my essay.

Monday, 14 September 2015

Looking at the modernism of the 1950's in context

I have recently been reading the book American Modernism Graphic Design 1920s to 1960s; in which to get an idea of context of the decade of the 1950's. I have been reading through and it has been throwing countless names and advertisements at me—some of which I knew and some that came as a surprise to me.

The book covers artists that were prevalent in the era, as well as economic movements and political stances. It does little to explain these different contextual things, but I have a small knowledge of them already so it's a lot easier to expand on them. It brings to light the Detroit motorcar industry boom, the post-war economy and the movement in politics with civil rights acts.

As it stands, American in the 1950's was crawling with modernism and it's quite often known as the point of great modernism before post-modernism began. In the same decade you have Rosa Park's bus strike, as you have the beat poets and be-bop jazz, all the while inspiring the freedom in Jackson Pollock's abstract art; reflected by the installations and sculptures of Allan Kaprow and Claes Oldenburg.



In the book, they refer to the the 50's as the 'calm before the storm' because everything was moving but it hadn't quite exploded yet. Politics became a battle between liberalism and xenophobic democrats; making everything quite uneasy, especially with the surge in economy from the breakdown of the war. It was also a turning point for Graphic Design—where we no longer just setting type in layouts, they were using typography to support and image like an illustration rather than just a reading context. Graphic Design's became hired to work in-house with huge companies and their points became valid in huge board meetings and advertisement sectors.

The 50's was the era of the 'corporate identity' with the likes of Paul Rand designing not only just a logo for IBM but a whole instruction manual on how they should, run, structure and implement their brand; there was also the CBS logo, which set the whole branding system alight across america, with it's innovation and (of course) modernism.



Along with the designers, artists I've already mentioned I have found a few more that I really did like and found to be contextually relevant.
  • Gene Federico
  • Herbert Bayer
  • Cipe Pineles
  • Lester Beall
  • William Golden
  • Otto Storch